Keratoconus Treatment at Bangkok Eye Hospital: Comprehensive Care for Corneal Disorders

Keratoconus (กระจกตาย้วย) is a progressive eye condition that affects the cornea, causing it to thin and bulge into a cone-like shape. This distortion can lead to significant visual impairment and discomfort, impacting daily activities and quality of life. At Bangkok Eye Hospital, we offer specialized diagnosis and treatment for keratoconus, utilizing advanced technology and techniques to help patients manage this condition effectively and preserve their vision.

Understanding Keratoconus (กระจกตาย้วย)

Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory eye disorder characterized by the progressive thinning and bulging of the cornea—the clear, dome-shaped front surface of your eye. The cornea plays a crucial role in focusing light that enters your eye, and when its shape becomes distorted, your vision becomes blurred and distorted as well.

This condition typically begins during puberty or early adulthood and can progress for 10-20 years before stabilizing. Without proper management, keratoconus can lead to significant visual impairment and may eventually require corneal transplantation in severe cases.

What Causes Keratoconus?

The exact cause of keratoconus remains partially understood, but research suggests several contributing factors:

• Genetic predisposition: About 10% of keratoconus patients have a family history of the condition.
• Enzymatic imbalances: Abnormal levels of enzymes within the cornea may make it more vulnerable to oxidative damage.
• Chronic eye rubbing: Vigorous and persistent eye rubbing may trigger or worsen keratoconus in susceptible individuals.
• Underlying systemic conditions: Keratoconus is associated with certain conditions like Down syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and atopic diseases.
• Environmental factors: Excessive UV exposure and chronic eye irritation may contribute to the development of keratoconus.

Symptoms and Progression

Keratoconus typically develops gradually, with symptoms that worsen over time. Early signs may be subtle and often include:

• Mild blurring of vision
• Slight distortion of vision
• Increased sensitivity to light and glare
• Mild eye redness or swelling

As the condition progresses, patients may experience:

• Increasing nearsightedness and astigmatism
• Frequent changes in eyeglass prescription
• Difficulty driving at night
• Ghost images or double vision
• Halos around lights
• Eye strain and headaches
• Inability to wear contact lenses comfortably

Risk Factors

Certain factors may increase your risk of developing keratoconus:

• Age: Onset typically occurs between the ages of 10 and 25
• Family history: Having relatives with keratoconus increases your risk
• Ethnicity: Some studies suggest higher prevalence in certain ethnic groups
• Allergic conditions: Hay fever, eczema, asthma, and other allergic conditions
• Eye rubbing: Habitual, aggressive eye rubbing
• Connective tissue disorders: Conditions like Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Diagnosis of Keratoconus

Early detection and diagnosis of keratoconus are crucial for effective management and preventing severe vision loss. At Bangkok Eye Hospital, we utilize state-of-the-art diagnostic technologies to accurately identify and assess the severity of keratoconus.

Advanced Diagnostic Technologies

Our comprehensive eye examination for keratoconus includes:

Corneal Topography and Tomography

This non-invasive imaging technique creates a detailed three-dimensional map of the cornea's surface, revealing irregularities and asymmetric bulging characteristic of keratoconus. Our hospital employs the latest topography systems, providing highly accurate measurements of corneal shape and thickness.

Anterior Segment OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography)

This advanced imaging technology provides cross-sectional views of the cornea with microscopic detail, allowing our specialists to precisely measure corneal thickness and identify areas of thinning.

Scheimpflug Imaging

This specialized photography technique provides precise measurements of the entire cornea, helping to detect even subtle changes in corneal shape and thickness.

Wavefront Analysis

This technology measures how light waves travel through your eye, detecting even minor optical irregularities that may indicate early keratoconus before it's visible through other methods.

Diagnosis Process at Bangkok Eye Hospital

When you visit our hospital with concerns about keratoconus, you can expect:

1. Comprehensive eye examination: Including visual acuity testing, refraction assessment, and slit-lamp examination
2. Advanced corneal mapping: Using the technologies described above
3. Detailed assessment: Our specialists will evaluate the severity and progression rate of your condition
4. Personalized consultation: Discussion of your diagnosis, treatment options, and expected outcomes

Treatment Options for Keratoconus

Bangkok Eye Hospital offers a comprehensive range of treatment options for keratoconus, tailored to the severity and progression of each patient's condition. Our approach focuses on halting disease progression, improving vision, and enhancing quality of life.

Early Stage Management

For mild to moderate keratoconus, we offer several non-surgical approaches:

Specialized Contact Lenses

• Rigid Gas Permeable (RGP) Lenses: These special contact lenses provide a smooth optical surface to correct vision distortions.
• Scleral Lenses: These larger-diameter lenses vault over the entire corneal surface, providing exceptional comfort and visual clarity for patients with advanced keratoconus.
• Hybrid Lenses: Combining the optical quality of RGP lenses with the comfort of soft lenses, these are an excellent option for patients who find traditional RGP lenses uncomfortable.

Our contact lens specialists work closely with each patient to find the optimal lens type and fit.

Prescription Eyeglasses

For patients with mild keratoconus or those who cannot tolerate contact lenses, specially designed eyeglasses may help improve vision.

Advanced Treatments

For progressive keratoconus or more advanced cases, we offer several interventional options:

Corneal Collagen Cross-linking (CXL)

This revolutionary procedure strengthens the corneal structure by creating new cross-links between collagen fibers, effectively halting keratoconus progression. Bangkok Eye Hospital offers both the standard "epi-off" protocol and the newer "epi-on" technique, selecting the most appropriate approach based on individual patient needs.

The procedure involves:

• Application of riboflavin (vitamin B2) eye drops to the cornea
• Controlled exposure to UV-A light
• Strengthening of corneal structure through the formation of new collagen bonds

Benefits include:

• Stopping the progression of keratoconus
• Preventing further visual deterioration
• Potentially avoiding the need for corneal transplantation
• Minimal recovery time (1-2 weeks)

Intracorneal Ring Segments (ICRS)

These tiny, clear plastic segments are inserted into the cornea to flatten the cone-shaped bulge and improve vision. This minimally invasive procedure can:

• Improve vision quality
• Reduce astigmatism
• Enhance contact lens tolerance
• Be combined with cross-linking for comprehensive treatment

Topography-Guided PRK

For selected patients, this specialized laser treatment can smooth corneal irregularities to improve vision and contact lens fit.

Surgical Interventions for Advanced Keratoconus

In cases of severe keratoconus where other treatments are insufficient, our experienced surgeons may recommend:

Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK)

This advanced partial corneal transplant technique replaces only the diseased layers of the cornea while preserving the patient's healthy endothelial layer, reducing rejection risk and improving outcomes.

Penetrating Keratoplasty (PK)

A full-thickness corneal transplant may be necessary for the most advanced cases. Our surgical team utilizes the latest techniques and technology to maximize success rates and minimize recovery time.

Our Expert Medical Team

At Bangkok Eye Hospital, our keratoconus patients receive care from a multidisciplinary team of specialists dedicated to corneal disorders:

Corneal Specialists

Our board-certified ophthalmologists specialize in corneal diseases and have extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus. They stay at the forefront of advances in the field through continuous education and research.

Contact Lens Specialists

Our dedicated contact lens experts have specialized training in fitting complex corneal conditions, ensuring optimal visual outcomes and comfort for keratoconus patients.

Surgical Team

Our corneal surgeons are highly skilled in all surgical interventions for keratoconus, from cross-linking to advanced transplantation techniques.

Patient Journey at Bangkok Eye Hospital

We understand that receiving a keratoconus diagnosis can be concerning. Our patient-centered approach ensures you receive comprehensive support throughout your treatment journey:

Initial Consultation and Diagnosis

• Thorough examination and advanced diagnostic testing
• Clear explanation of your condition and treatment options
• Opportunity to ask questions and discuss concerns

Personalized Treatment Plan

• Collaborative decision-making with your specialist
• Tailored approach based on your specific needs
• Comprehensive information about expected outcomes and recovery

Follow-up and Long-term Care

• Regular monitoring of your condition
• Adjustments to treatment as needed
• Ongoing support for contact lens wearers
• Lifestyle and eye care guidance

Appointment Information

Bangkok Eye Hospital makes accessing specialized keratoconus care simple and convenient:

How to Schedule

• Phone: Call our dedicated appointment line at [Phone Number]
• Online: Book through our website at www.bangkokeyehospital.com
• Email: Contact appointments@bangkokeyehospital.com

What to Bring

• Previous medical records, especially eye-related
• Current eyeglasses or contact lenses
• List of current medications
• Health insurance information
• Referral letter (if applicable)

Insurance and Costs

Bangkok Eye Hospital works with numerous insurance providers and offers transparent pricing for all procedures. Our financial counselors can provide detailed information about:

• Coverage verification for your insurance plan
• Expected out-of-pocket costs
• Available payment plans
• Special packages for keratoconus treatment

Frequently Asked Questions about Keratoconus

Is keratoconus a common condition?

Keratoconus affects approximately 1 in 2,000 people worldwide, making it relatively uncommon but not rare. The prevalence may be higher in certain populations and regions.

Can keratoconus cause blindness?

While keratoconus can cause significant visual impairment, complete blindness is uncommon with modern treatment options. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can effectively preserve vision in most patients.

At what age does keratoconus typically develop?

Keratoconus usually begins during puberty or the late teenage years, with most diagnoses occurring between ages 10-25. The condition typically progresses for 10-20 years before stabilizing naturally.

Is keratoconus hereditary?

There appears to be a genetic component to keratoconus. Approximately 10-15% of patients have a family history of the condition, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in susceptibility.

How successful is corneal cross-linking in stopping keratoconus progression?

Studies show that corneal cross-linking is effective in halting keratoconus progression in over 95% of cases, with many patients experiencing improved vision as well.

How long is the recovery period after cross-linking?

Most patients experience initial discomfort for 3-5 days and can return to normal activities within 1-2 weeks. Complete visual stabilization may take 3-6 months.

Can I still wear contact lenses after being diagnosed with keratoconus?

Yes, specialized contact lenses are actually a primary treatment option for keratoconus. Your eye care provider will recommend the most appropriate type based on your condition's severity.

Are there activities I should avoid with keratoconus?

You should avoid rubbing your eyes, as this can worsen the condition. Otherwise, most normal activities are safe, though protective eyewear is recommended for sports and activities that risk eye injury.

How often should I have eye exams with keratoconus?

Patients with keratoconus should have comprehensive eye examinations every 6-12 months, or more frequently if the condition is progressing or if you experience changes in vision.

Can keratoconus affect both eyes?

Yes, keratoconus typically affects both eyes, though often asymmetrically, with one eye more severely affected than the other.

Why Choose Bangkok Eye Hospital for Keratoconus Treatment

• Cutting-edge technology: Our hospital is equipped with the latest diagnostic and treatment technology
• Specialized expertise: Our team includes corneal specialists with extensive experience treating keratoconus
• Comprehensive approach: From early intervention to advanced surgical options, we offer the full spectrum of care
• Personalized treatment: Each patient receives a customized treatment plan based on their unique needs
• Supportive environment: Our staff provides compassionate care and ongoing support throughout your treatment journey

Don't let keratoconus impact your quality of life. Contact Bangkok Eye Hospital today to schedule a consultation with our specialists and take the first step toward preserving your vision and eye health.