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What Is Thin Cornea? Causes, Symptoms, and Eye Care Tips

A thin cornea refers to a condition where the cornea—the clear, dome-shaped front layer of the eye—has a thickness lower than normal, which can affect vision and overall eye health. This condition may result from various causes such as natural aging, frequent eye rubbing, genetic disorders, or side effects from eye surgeries like LASIK. Common symptoms include blurry vision, frequent changes in prescription, distorted images, and unusually high astigmatism.   Understanding the Cornea The cornea is the transparent, curved layer covering the front part of the eye. It helps focus light into the eye for clear vision and serves as a protective barrier against dust and germs. Normally, corneal thickness ranges between 520–550 microns, but it may thin with age.   What Is a Thin Cornea? A thin cornea is typically defined as a corneal thickness of less than 500 microns (0.5 mm). It is not necessarily a disease and often requires no treatment. However, thin corneas can affect certain diagnoses—such as glaucoma—since intraocular pressure readings may appear lower than actual values. Corneal thickness also plays an important role in refractive surgery decisions. For example, patients with thin corneas and high refractive errors (nearsightedness or astigmatism) may not be ideal candidates for LASIK, as the remaining corneal tissue after surgery might be too thin. This could increase the risk of complications like keratoconus or corneal ectasia. In such cases, ophthalmologists may recommend alternative procedures such as PRK, ICL, FemtoLASIK, ReLEx SMILE Pro, or NanoLASIK, which preserve more corneal tissue. Therefore, detailed corneal thickness assessment is essential before undergoing LASIK to ensure safe and effective outcomes.   Does Wearing Contact Lenses Cause Thinning of the Cornea? Generally, wearing contact lenses correctly does not thin the cornea. However, prolonged use without proper cleaning or rest may lead to oxygen deprivation or corneal infections, which can gradually weaken or thin corneal tissue.   Causes of Thin Cornea There are several factors that can lead to corneal thinning: 1. Genetic Conditions Keratoconus: The most common cause, where the cornea gradually thins and bulges outward into a cone shape, leading to irregular astigmatism and blurred vision. It usually appears during the teenage years to early adulthood. Corneal Dystrophies: Such as Pellucid Marginal Degeneration (PMD), where thinning occurs in the lower peripheral cornea. 2. Eye Surgery or Injury Procedures like LASIK or PRK can thin the cornea, especially if excessive corneal tissue is removed. Repeated eye injuries or untreated infections (e.g., corneal ulcers, keratitis) can also cause thinning due to tissue damage. 3. Systemic Diseases and Medication Autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis or SLE can cause chronic inflammation, leading to corneal thinning.Long-term use of steroid eye drops may also weaken corneal tissue over time.   Symptoms of Thin Cornea Corneal thinning often progresses slowly and may not show early signs. Key symptoms include: Blurry or distorted vision Frequent changes in prescription High or irregular astigmatism Difficulty focusing or double vision   Diagnosis Thin cornea is often detected during pre-LASIK evaluations.Eye doctors use devices like: Keratometer: Measures corneal curvature and astigmatism. Corneal Topography: Creates a detailed map of corneal thickness and shape. Tomographic Biomechanical Index (TBI): Evaluates corneal strength and risk of ectasia. While early symptoms can hint at the condition, only a comprehensive eye exam by an ophthalmologist can confirm it.   Summary Thin cornea is a silent condition that can significantly impact vision if left untreated. Early detection—especially before refractive surgery—is crucial.At Bangkok Eye Hospital, advanced diagnostic tools and experienced specialists ensure accurate corneal thickness evaluation and personalized treatment planning to maintain long-term eye health.     FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Thin Cornea 1. Can corneal thickness be increased?No, corneal thickness cannot naturally increase as it is determined by the cornea’s internal structure. 2. What happens if thin cornea is left untreated?It may lead to worsening blurred vision, irregular astigmatism, or even corneal ectasia. In severe cases, acute hydrops or corneal perforation may occur, leading to permanent vision loss if untreated. 3. Can thin cornea be prevented?Yes — by avoiding vigorous eye rubbing, maintaining good eye hygiene, limiting contact lens wear time, and having regular eye checkups, especially if there is a family history of corneal diseases.
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Blepharitis (Eyelid Inflammation)

What Is Blepharitis? Blepharitis is a common eye condition that causes inflammation of the eyelids, particularly along the edges where the eyelashes grow. It can affect people of all ages and is often chronic and recurring if not properly treated. While not usually sight-threatening, blepharitis can cause considerable discomfort and disrupt daily activities. This condition may be triggered by infection, skin conditions, or blocked oil glands. Timely diagnosis and proper management are essential to reduce symptoms and prevent complications. Causes of Eyelid Inflammation Blepharitis may result from various causes, which are typically grouped into infectious, non-infectious, or mixed categories. Bacterial Infection A buildup of Staphylococcus bacteria along the lash line can trigger an infection, leading to swelling, redness, and crusting. This is one of the most common causes of blepharitis. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) The meibomian glands, located in the eyelids, produce oils essential for a healthy tear film. Blockages or irregular oil secretion can lead to dry eyes and inflammation, commonly contributing to posterior blepharitis. Seborrheic Dermatitis This skin condition causes flaking and greasy scaling, especially around the scalp and eyebrows. It can also affect the eyelids, leading to irritation and redness. Allergies or Irritants Blepharitis can result from allergic reactions to makeup, eye drops, or contact lens solutions. Environmental factors like dust and smoke can also play a role. Parasites and Mites Demodex mites, microscopic organisms that live near hair follicles, may contribute to chronic eyelid inflammation, especially in older adults. Symptoms of Blepharitis The severity and type of symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause and how long the condition has been present. Common signs include: Swollen eyelids, often more pronounced in the morning Redness and tenderness of the eyelid margins Crusts or flakes at the base of the eyelashes Itching or burning sensation Watery or dry eyes Sticky discharge, especially upon waking Sensation of a foreign body or grit in the eye Light sensitivity In more severe cases, small pus-filled bumps may form on the eyelid (especially with infection) Left untreated, blepharitis can lead to conjunctivitis, styes, or even changes in eyelash growth. Types of Blepharitis Anterior Blepharitis Affects the outer front edge of the eyelid where the eyelashes attach. It is commonly associated with bacterial infection or skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis. Posterior Blepharitis Involves the inner part of the eyelid that contacts the eyeball. Often linked to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). Some patients may experience both forms simultaneously. Diagnosis and Examination at Bangkok Eye Hospital At Bangkok Eye Hospital, our ophthalmologists are trained to identify blepharitis through a comprehensive eye exam. The evaluation may include: Slit-lamp examination to view the eyelid margins and tear film Fluorescein staining to assess corneal health Meibomian gland function tests Tear breakup time (TBUT) analysis Eyelid swab or biopsy (in rare or resistant cases) Accurate diagnosis ensures the best treatment approach based on the specific type and cause of the inflammation. Treatment for Blepharitis Treatment depends on the underlying cause but generally focuses on controlling symptoms and reducing inflammation. Eyelid Hygiene Consistent eyelid cleaning is crucial to remove crusts, oils, and bacteria. Use a warm compress to soften debris and unclog glands Gently scrub the eyelids with diluted baby shampoo or special eyelid cleansers Clean eyelids twice daily during flare-ups, then once daily for maintenance Antibiotics For bacterial blepharitis or secondary infections, your doctor may prescribe: Topical antibiotic ointments (e.g., erythromycin) Antibiotic eye drops Oral antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline) for Meibomian gland dysfunction or chronic cases Anti-inflammatory Medications Steroid eye drops or ointments may be prescribed for short-term inflammation control Cyclosporine eye drops can help in cases with immune-related dry eyes Artificial Tears Used to relieve associated dry eye symptoms and improve tear film quality. Treating Associated Conditions Managing skin disorders such as seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, or allergies can reduce recurrence. Advanced Treatments Available In more persistent cases, Bangkok Eye Hospital offers advanced options such as: Lid margin debridement Thermal pulsation therapy for Meibomian gland dysfunction Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) therapy to reduce inflammation and improve oil gland function Preventing Recurrent Blepharitis While blepharitis can’t always be cured, its symptoms can be controlled with good eye hygiene and follow-up care: Remove eye makeup thoroughly before bed Replace eye cosmetics regularly Avoid sharing eye products Use preservative-free artificial tears Keep eyelids clean even during remission periods Related Services at Bangkok Eye Hospital To ensure complete care, we offer a full range of services for blepharitis and related conditions: Ocular Surface Disease ClinicSpecializes in treating dry eye, MGD, and eyelid inflammation Lid and Lash Health ScreeningFor early detection of chronic blepharitis or eyelid abnormalities Contact Lens ClinicFor managing lens-related eyelid irritation and fitting for sensitive eyes Cornea and External Eye Disease ClinicManages complex cases involving corneal damage due to chronic inflammation Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Is blepharitis contagious?No, blepharitis is not typically contagious. However, hygiene is important to prevent spreading bacteria or irritants that may cause flare-ups. Can I wear contact lenses if I have blepharitis?You may need to stop wearing contacts during a flare-up. Once inflammation is under control, lenses can often be used again with proper hygiene. Will blepharitis go away on its own?No. It often requires regular eyelid cleaning and possibly medication. Without treatment, symptoms may persist or worsen. How long does treatment take?Improvement is usually seen within a few weeks, but ongoing eyelid hygiene is needed to prevent recurrence. Can blepharitis damage my vision?It usually doesn’t cause permanent vision loss, but untreated cases can lead to complications like corneal ulcers or scarring.
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